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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 20, 411-414, Copyright © 1974 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry
1 Section of Neuroendocrinology, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, 1300 Moursund Ave., Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas 77025; and Damon Medical Laboratories, Inc., 115 4th Ave., Needham Heights, Mass. 02194.
A simple radioligand assay has been developed for measuring cortisol in plasma and urine. The antiserum was produced in rabbits by using cortisol-21-hemisuccinyl-bovine serum albumin as the antigen. The standard curve was linear from 0-1000 pg. A small aliquot of ethanol-precipitated plasma or urine is directly assayed. Interassay variability of 56 separate assays of a normal plasma pool during six months was: mean, 224 µg/liter; range, 210-238 µg/liter; CV, 3.2%. In assay of multiple samples obtained between 0800 and 1800 hours from normal young men, radioimmunoassay (RlA) gave consistently lower values than did competitive protein binding (CPB). The relationship, as calculated from results for 41 single samples, is expressed by the equation RIA = 0.713 CPB + 0.59, suggesting that the normal range for RIA should be 35-180 µg/liter rather than the 50-250 µg/liter usually cited. Although there is crossreactivity with 11-deoxycortisol, this assay is clearly superior to CPB: it is more specific, has a wider range (<8-400 µg/liter), and requires less technician time.
Submitted on August 24, 1973
Accepted on January 7, 1974
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  A. M. Arbelaez, W. J. Powers, T. O. Videen, J. L. Price, and P. E. Cryer Attenuation of Counterregulatory Responses to Recurrent Hypoglycemia by Active Thalamic Inhibition: A Mechanism for Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure Diabetes, February 1, 2008; 57(2): 470 - 475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Breckenridge, B. A. Cooperberg, A. M. Arbelaez, B. W. Patterson, and P. E. Cryer Glucagon, in Concert With Insulin, Supports the Postabsorptive Plasma Glucose Concentration in Humans Diabetes, October 1, 2007; 56(10): 2442 - 2448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Raju and P. E. Cryer Loss of the Decrement in Intraislet Insulin Plausibly Explains Loss of the Glucagon Response to Hypoglycemia in Insulin-Deficient Diabetes: Documentation of the Intraislet Insulin Hypothesis in Humans Diabetes, March 1, 2005; 54(3): 757 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Raju and P. E. Cryer Mechanism, temporal patterns, and magnitudes of the metabolic responses to the KATP channel agonist diazoxide Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2005; 288(1): E80 - E85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 R. Rej Clinical Chemistry through Clinical Chemistry: A Journal Timeline Clin. Chem., December 1, 2004; 50(12): 2415 - 2458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. A. DeRosa and P. E. Cryer Hypoglycemia and the sympathoadrenal system: neurogenic symptoms are largely the result of sympathetic neural, rather than adrenomedullary, activation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2004; 287(1): E32 - E41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S.-S. Chen, C. M. Donmoyer, D. A. Pearson, A. Poole, Y. Zhang, D. B. Lacy, and O. P. McGuinness Impact of infection on glucose-dependent liver glucose uptake during TPN: interaction with insulin Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2004; 286(2): E286 - E295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Raju, V. P. McGregor, and P. E. Cryer Cortisol Elevations Comparable to Those That Occur During Hypoglycemia Do Not Cause Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure Diabetes, August 1, 2003; 52(8): 2083 - 2089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Banarer and P. E. Cryer Sleep-Related Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure in Type 1 Diabetes: Reduced Awakening From Sleep During Hypoglycemia Diabetes, May 1, 2003; 52(5): 1195 - 1203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Cardin, K. Walmsley, D. W. Neal, P. E. Williams, and A. D. Cherrington Involvement of the vagus nerves in the regulation of basal hepatic glucose production in conscious dogs Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2002; 283(5): E958 - E964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. P. McGregor, J. S. Greiwe, S. Banarer, and P. E. Cryer Limited Impact of Vigorous Exercise on Defenses Against Hypoglycemia: Relevance to Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure Diabetes, May 1, 2002; 51(5): 1485 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. W. Newcomer, D. W. Haupt, R. Fucetola, A. K. Melson, J. A. Schweiger, B. P. Cooper, and G. Selke Abnormalities in Glucose Regulation During Antipsychotic Treatment of Schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry, April 1, 2002; 59(4): 337 - 345. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Banarer, V. P. McGregor, and P. E. Cryer Intraislet Hyperinsulinemia Prevents the Glucagon Response to Hypoglycemia Despite an Intact Autonomic Response Diabetes, April 1, 2002; 51(4): 958 - 965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. A. Segel, C. G. Fanelli, C. S. Dence, J. Markham, T. O. Videen, D. S. Paramore, W. J. Powers, and P. E. Cryer Blood-to-Brain Glucose Transport, Cerebral Glucose Metabolism, and Cerebral Blood Flow Are Not Increased After Hypoglycemia Diabetes, August 1, 2001; 50(8): 1911 - 1917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Cardin, P. A. Jackson, D. S. Edgerton, D. W. Neal, C. S. Coffey, and A. D. Cherrington Effect of Vagal Cooling on the Counterregulatory Response to Hypoglycemia Induced by a Low Dose of Insulin in the Conscious Dog Diabetes, March 1, 2001; 50(3): 558 - 564. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. C. Connolly, L. C. Holste, L. N. Aglione, D. W. Neal, D. B. Lacy, M. S. Smith, M. P. Diamond, A. D. Cherrington, and J.-L. Chiasson Alterations in basal glucose metabolism during late pregnancy in the conscious dog Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2000; 279(5): E1166 - E1177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. M. Donmoyer, S.-S. Chen, S. A. Hande, D. B. Lacy, J. Ejiofor, and O. P. McGuinness Hyperinsulinemia compensates for infection-induced impairment in net hepatic glucose uptake during TPN Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2000; 279(2): E235 - E243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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O. P. McGuinness, J. Ejiofor, D. B. Lacy, and N. Schrom Hepatic glucose metabolism during intraduodenal glucose infusion: impact of infection Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2000; 279(1): E108 - E115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. W. Newcomer, G. Selke, A. K. Melson, T. Hershey, S. Craft, K. Richards, and A. L. Alderson Decreased Memory Performance in Healthy Humans Induced by Stress-Level Cortisol Treatment Arch Gen Psychiatry, June 1, 1999; 56(6): 527 - 533. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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O. P. McGuinness, C. Donmoyer, J. Ejiofor, S. McElligott, and D. B. Lacy Hepatic and muscle glucose metabolism during total parenteral nutrition: impact of infection Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 1998; 275(5): E763 - E769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. C. Marker, W. E. Clutter, and P. E. Cryer Reduced epinephrine clearance and glycemic sensitivity to epinephrine in older individuals Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 1998; 275(5): E770 - E776. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. S. Paramore, C. G. Fanelli, S. D. Shah, and P. E. Cryer Forearm norepinephrine spillover during standing, hyperinsulinemia, and hypoglycemia Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 1998; 275(5): E872 - E881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. W. Newcomer, G. Selke, A. K. Melson, J. Gross, G. P. Vogler, and S. Dagogo-Jack Dose-Dependent Cortisol-Induced Increases in Plasma Leptin Concentration in Healthy Humans Arch Gen Psychiatry, November 1, 1998; 55(11): 995 - 1000. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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O. P. McGuinness, J. Ejiofor, L. P. Audoly, and N. Schrom Regulation of glucose production by NEFA and gluconeogenic precursors during chronic glucagon infusion Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 1998; 275(3): E432 - E439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. A. Jackson, M. J. Pagliassotti, M. Shiota, D. W. Neal, S. Cardin, and A. D. Cherrington Effects of vagal blockade on the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in the dog Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 1997; 273(6): E1178 - E1188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Dagogo-Jack, G. Selke, A. K. Melson, and J. W. Newcomer Robust Leptin Secretory Responses to Dexamethasone in Obese Subjects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 1997; 82(10): 3230 - 3233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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O. P. McGuinness, V. Shau, E. M. Benson, M. Lewis, R. T. Snowden, J. E. Greene, D. W. Neal, and A. D. Cherrington Role of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the metabolic response to stress hormone infusion in the conscious dog Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 1997; 273(4): E674 - E681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 N. Kalin, S. Risch, R. Cohen, T Insel, and D. Murphy Dexamethasone fails to suppress beta-endorphin plasma concentrations in humans and rhesus monkeys Science, August 15, 1980; 209(4458): 827 - 828. [Abstract] [PDF]
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V. P. McGregor, S. Banarer, and P. E. Cryer Elevated endogenous cortisol reduces autonomic neuroendocrine and symptom responses to subsequent hypoglycemia Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2002; 282(4): E770 - E777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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