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Clinical Chemistry 21: 221-226, 1975;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 21, 221-226, Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Determination of Diphenylhydantoin in Human Serum by Spin Immunoassay

Mark R. Montgomery 1, Jordan L. Holtzman 1, Richard K. Leute 1, John S. Dewees 1, and Gunner Bolz 1

1 Clinical Pharmacology Section, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn. 55417; Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. 55455; and the Syva Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif. 94304.

A spin immunoassay for diphenylhydantoin is reported, which appears to give an accurate and precise estimate of serum diphenylhydantoin concentrations, as judged by the disappearance of [14C] diphenylhydantoin from the serum of a rabbIt. The assay also appears to be a reliable technique for routine diphenylhydantoin determinations, as judged from our experience with 28 patients. Serum diphenylhydantoin concentrations in the range of 1.0-50.0 mg/liter are easily determined on a 50-µl sample. Except for primidone, no significant cross reactivity was observed with eight drugs that are commonly used in conjunction with diphenylhydantoin therapy. This fast, simple, and precise method therefore appears to be readily applicable to routine determination of diphenylhydantoin.


Key Words: gas chromatography • radioimmunoassay • electron spin resonance

Accepted on November 14, 1974






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Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.