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Clinical Chemistry 34: 544-547, 1988;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 34, 544-547, Copyright © 1988 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Urinary enzymes and low-molecular-mass proteins as indicators of diabetic nephropathy

K Jung, M Pergande, E Schimke, KP Ratzmann and A Ilius
Department of Experimental Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Charite, Humboldt University Berlin, D.D.R.

We measured the excretion rates of six urinary enzymes that either originate from the proximal renal tubule, like alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), gamma- glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), or that are typical low-molecular-mass proteins, like lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and pancreatic ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.5). These rates were compared with those of total protein and albumin in urine of 36 insulin-dependent diabetic men and 30 healthy men. Seventeen of the diabetics had "clinical proteinuria," defined as excretion of more than 7.5 g of protein per mole of urinary creatinine (group B). Group A comprised the 19 diabetics without proteinuria. Except for gamma- glutamyltransferase, the excretions of enzymes and proteins were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls and were greater in group B than in group A. N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was the analyte most often increased in group A (89%), followed by albumin and alkaline phosphatase (each 32%). All patients in group B showed increased excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. We conclude from the comparative data that this enzyme may be useful as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy.


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J. Barratt MB ChB (Ho and P. Topham MB ChB MD
Urine proteomics: the present and future of measuring urinary protein components in disease
Can. Med. Assoc. J., August 14, 2007; 177(4): 361 - 368.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1988 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.