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Clinical Chemistry 48: 1043-1048, 2002;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2002;48:1043-1048.)
© 2002 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Relationship between Genetic Polymorphisms of Alcohol-metabolizing Enzymes and Changes in Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease Associated with Alcohol Consumption

Yoshiaki Hashimoto1a, Toshifumi Nakayama2, Azusa Futamura1, Miho Omura1, Hideo Nakarai1 and Kazuhiko Nakahara1

Departments of
1 Clinical Laboratory Medicine and
2 Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.

aAuthor for correspondence. Fax 81-3-5689-0495; e-mail d01009{at}h.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Background: There are large individual variations in the responses of risk factors for coronary heart disease to alcohol consumption. To clarify the factors responsible for these individual variations, we studied the relationship between blood pressure, serum lipids, and uric acid and the genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 2 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 in alcohol drinkers.

Methods: We examined 133 male workers who drank >300 g of alcohol per week. Information regarding lifestyle habits was obtained by questionnaire. The ADH2 genotype was determined by PCR and subsequent digestion with MaeIII. The ALDH2 genotype was determined based on amplified product length polymorphisms.

Results: When the workers were divided into three groups: the ADH21/21, ADH21/22, and ADH22/22 groups, the mean triglycerides and {gamma}-glutamyl transpeptidase concentrations were significantly higher in the ADH22/22 group than in the ADH21/21 group. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the frequencies of individuals whose systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and uric acid values were in the highest one third were significantly higher in the ADH22/22 group than in the ADH21/21 group. In contrast, no difference was observed between the ALDH21/21 and (ALDH21/22 + ALDH22/22) groups with regard to the mean value of any variable and to the frequency of individuals with any variable value in the highest one third.

Conclusion: Individuals with the ADH21/21 genotype might suffer fewer negative effects of drinking.




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Ann Intern Med, January 7, 2003; 138(1): 75 - 75.
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