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Technical Briefs |
Inst. of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Med. Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
a author for
correspondence: fax 972-3-5351568,
Apolipoprotein E (apo E) is a protein that plays an essential role in lipid metabolism and distribution (1). The apo E gene is polymorphic, and its three alleles code for isoforms E2, E3, and E4, which differ by single-amino-acid substitutions (2). The apo E3 allele is the predominant isoform in all populations studied. The apo E4 allele is associated with increased total serum cholesterol and greater odds for coronary heart disease (3); it also constitutes a major risk factor for Alzheimer disease (4). The apo E2 allele seems to have a protective effect against Alzheimer disease and is associated with longevity (5). Consequently, interest in examining individual patients and study groups for the apo E isoforms is growing. In this communication we describe a simple procedure that facilitates the genotyping of the apo E polymorphisms.
In the common apo E3 polymorphism, TGC encodes for
Cys112, and CGC encodes for Arg158. In the
apo E2 another TGC codon results in Cys158, whereas in the
apo E4 a different CGC codon gives rise to Arg112
References
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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S. M. Laws, R. Perneczky, A. Drzezga, J. Diehl-Schmid, B. Ibach, J. Bauml, T. Eisele, H. Forstl, A. Kurz, and M. Riemenschneider Association of the Tau Haplotype H2 With Age at Onset and Functional Alterations of Glucose Utilization in Frontotemporal Dementia Am J Psychiatry, October 1, 2007; 164(10): 1577 - 1584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Riemenschneider, L. Konta, P. Friedrich, S. Schwarz, K. Taddei, F. Neff, A. Padovani, H. Kolsch, S. M. Laws, N. Klopp, et al. A functional polymorphism within plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) is associated with Alzheimer's disease Hum. Mol. Genet., August 15, 2006; 15(16): 2446 - 2456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Ghebranious, L. Ivacic, J. Mallum, and C. Dokken Detection of ApoE E2, E3 and E4 alleles using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the homogeneous mass-extend technology Nucleic Acids Res., October 4, 2005; 33(17): e149 - e149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M Pinholt, J L Frederiksen, P S Andersen, and M Christiansen Apo E in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: the Apo E-o4 allele is associated with progression of multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis, October 1, 2005; 11(5): 511 - 515. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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A. Drzezga, T. Grimmer, M. Riemenschneider, N. Lautenschlager, H. Siebner, P. Alexopoulus, S. Minoshima, M. Schwaiger, and A. Kurz Prediction of Individual Clinical Outcome in MCI by Means of Genetic Assessment and 18F-FDG PET J. Nucl. Med., October 1, 2005; 46(10): 1625 - 1632. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. L. Slattery, C. Sweeney, M. Murtaugh, K. N. Ma, J. D. Potter, T. R. Levin, W. Samowitz, and R. Wolff Associations between apoE genotype and colon and rectal cancer Carcinogenesis, August 1, 2005; 26(8): 1422 - 1429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Drzezga, M. Riemenschneider, B. Strassner, T. Grimmer, M. Peller, A. Knoll, S. Wagenpfeil, S. Minoshima, M. Schwaiger, and A. Kurz Cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with AD and different APOE genotypes Neurology, January 11, 2005; 64(1): 102 - 107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W. Marz, H. Scharnagl, M. M. Hoffmann, B. O. Boehm, and B. R. Winkelmann The apolipoprotein E polymorphism is associated with circulating C-reactive protein (the Ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health study) Eur. Heart J., December 1, 2004; 25(23): 2109 - 2119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Wang, J. Li, H. Liu, Q. Liu, Q. Mei, Y. Wang, J. Zhu, N. He, and Z. Lu Label-free hybridization detection of a single nucleotide mismatch by immobilization of molecular beacons on an agarose film Nucleic Acids Res., June 15, 2002; 30(12): e61 - e61. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Riemenschneider, S. Wagenpfeil, J. Diehl, N. Lautenschlager, T. Theml, B. Heldmann, A. Drzezga, T. Jahn, H. Forstl, and A. Kurz Tau and A{beta}42 protein in CSF of patients with frontotemporal degeneration Neurology, June 11, 2002; 58(11): 1622 - 1628. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M Riemenschneider, J Diehl, U Muller, H Forstl, and A Kurz Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in German patients with frontotemporal degeneration J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, May 1, 2002; 72(5): 639 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Inbal, D. Freimark, B. Modan, A. Chetrit, S. Matetzky, N. Rosenberg, R. Dardik, Z. Baron, and U. Seligsohn Synergistic Effects of Prothrombotic Polymorphisms and Atherogenic Factors on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Young Males Blood, April 1, 1999; 93(7): 2186 - 2190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G. G. Donohoe, A. Salomaki, T. Lehtimaki, K. Pulkki, and V. Kairisto Rapid Identification of Apolipoprotein E Genotypes by Multiplex Amplification Refractory Mutation System PCR and Capillary Gel Electrophoresis Clin. Chem., January 1, 1999; 45(1): 143 - 146. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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O. Shpilberg, I. Rabi, K. Schiller, R. Walden, D. Harats, K.S. Tyrrell, B. Coller, and U. Seligsohn Patients With Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Lacking Platelet Glycoprotein {alpha}IIb{beta}3 (GPIIb/IIIa) and {alpha}v{beta}3 Receptors Are Not Protected From Atherosclerosis Circulation, March 5, 2002; 105(9): 1044 - 1048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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