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Clinical Chemistry 44: 1379-1380, 1998;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 1998;44:1379-1380.)
© 1998 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Editorial

CA 125 in Ovarian Cancer: Advances and Controversy

Herbert A. Fritsche1,a, and Robert C. Bast2

Departments of
1 Laboratory Medicine, and
2 Medicine, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
a Author for correspondence. Fax 713-792-4793; e-mail hfritsch@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu.

Ovarian cancer continues to be a major health threat for women. The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States in 1998, 25 400 new cases will be diagnosed and 14 500 women will die as a result of this disease (1). Most of these cancers are epithelial in origin, as germ cell tumors of the ovary represent only ~5% of the total. Approximately 70% of epithelial ovarian cancers will occur in women who are over the age of 50 years, and more than one-half of the women will be diagnosed with advanced disease. Thus, these women will have a 5-year survival rate of <30%. Certainly, there is great need for improved diagnostic methods to permit detection of this disease at an early stage, as well as more effective treatments for adenocarcinoma of the ovary.

CA 125, the first serum tumor marker test for epithelial cancer of the ovary, was introduced by Bast et al. in 1983 (3). The murine monoclonal antibody (OC125) that is used to detect the CA 125 antigen was obtained after immunization with the OVCA 433 cell line (4). The original CA 125 test used the OC125 antibody as both the capture and indicator antibody in a radioimmunometric assay. More recently, the CA 125 II test has been developed, which uses the M 11 monoclonal antibody as the capture antibody for CA 125. A recent epitope-mapping workshop conducted by the International Society of Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine (ISOBM) has defined the binding characteristics of monoclonal antibodies reactive with CA 125 and has identified two major regions on the antigen, which are called OC125-like and M 11-like epitopes (5). The CA 125 antigen is actually a heterogeneous mixture of glycoproteins with a molecular weight range of 200-1000 kDa, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


References




The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:


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 Clin. Chem.Home page
C. M. Sturgeon, M. J. Duffy, U.-H. Stenman, H. Lilja, N. Brunner, D. W. Chan, R. Babaian, R. C. Bast Jr., B. Dowell, F. J. Esteva, et al.
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines for Use of Tumor Markers in Testicular, Prostate, Colorectal, Breast, and Ovarian Cancers
Clin. Chem., December 1, 2008; 54(12): e11 - e79.
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J. S. de Moor, C. A. de Moor, K. Basen-Engquist, A. Kudelka, M. W. Bevers, and L. Cohen
Optimism, Distress, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Change in Cancer Antigen 125 Among Patients With Ovarian Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
A. T. Baron, C. H. Boardman, J. M. Lafky, A. Rademaker, D. Liu, D. A. Fishman, K. C. Podratz, and N. J. Maihle
Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (SEG-FR) and Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) as Screening and Diagnostic Tests for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., February 1, 2005; 14(2): 306 - 318.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Mol. Cell. ProteomicsHome page
I. J. Jacobs and U. Menon
Progress and Challenges in Screening for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Mol. Cell. Proteomics, April 1, 2004; 3(4): 355 - 366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
X. Fang, S. Yu, R. C. Bast, S. Liu, H.-J. Xu, S.-X. Hu, R. LaPushin, F. X. Claret, B. B. Aggarwal, Y. Lu, et al.
Mechanisms for Lysophosphatidic Acid-induced Cytokine Production in Ovarian Cancer Cells
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
N. Auersperg, J. Pan, B. D. Grove, T. Peterson, J. Fisher, S. Maines-Bandiera, A. Somasiri, and C. D. Roskelley
E-cadherin induces mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in human ovarian surface epithelium
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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