Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 47: 950-952, 2001;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2001;47:950-952.)
© 2001 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Technical Briefs

Adaptation of an Enzyme Immunoassay to Assess Urinary Cotinine in Nonsmokers Exposed to Tobacco Smoke

Denis Roche1,2, Françoise Callais1,2, Patrice Reungoat1 and Isabelle Momas1a

1 Hygiene and Public Health Laboratory, Pharmacy Faculty, 75006 Paris, France

2 Biochemical Laboratory, Georges Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France

aaddress correspondence to this author at: Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; fax 33-1-4325-3876, e-mail Isabelle.Momas@pharmacie.univ-paris5.fr

Nicotine and its metabolites (1), expired carbon monoxide, and thiocyanates (2) are the most widely used smoking biomarkers. Among these biomarkers, urinary cotinine has been one of the most representative and specific for tobacco smoke exposure (3)(4)(5) with regard to active or passive smoking. The methods most frequently used for cotinine quantification are gas chromatography (6) and HPLC (7), coupled or not with mass spectroscopy (8)(9). These methods, however, are difficult to use in large-scale epidemiological studies because they require specialized laboratories. In 1973, Langone et al. (10) proposed the assessment of cotinine by RIA, but RIAs also require specialized laboratories. This last technique was then extended to ELISA (11) and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (12).

Recently, an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that is easier to perform (13) was developed to measure cotinine concentrations between 100 and 2000 µg/L, a range that exceeds concentrations observed in passive smoking. We thus propose an adaptation and automation of this EIA to assess urinary cotinine concentrations <100 µg/L to detect passive smoking. After analytical validation, this technique was applied . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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