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False-Positive Phencyclidine Immunoassay Results Caused by Venlafaxine and O-Desmethylvenlafaxine

¹ Department of Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, CT 06810;
² Department of Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06102

^aAuthor for correspondence. Fax 203-731-8678; e-mail salvador.sena@danhosp.org.

To the Editor:

We recently observed three occurrences of false-positive results for phencyclidine (PCP) on urine samples tested with the Syva^® RapidTest d.a.u.^® 9 Test Panel (Syva Company, subsidiary of Dade Behring Inc.). The RapidTest d.a.u. 9 device is a single-use, one-step, solid-phase immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative, discrete detection of several drugs/drug metabolites in human urine (1). The urine samples were collected from three different patients who were seen in our Emergency Department within 3–4 weeks after we had implemented the RapidTest device in our laboratory (Danbury Hospital). Because PCP is not a commonly used drug in our locale and the rare positive results have usually been confirmed as false positives, three positive PCP results in such a short time period immediately aroused suspicion.

Patient A was a 52-year-old male with schizoaffective disorder who was admitted to the psychiatry service. Patient B was a 93-year-old female from a nursing home who was admitted with a hip fracture. Patient C was a 50-year-old female admitted for opiate and benzodiazepine overdose. None of these patients had a history of PCP use or presented with symptoms consistent with use of this drug.

Patient A’s urine gave negative results for all other drugs tested with the RapidTest. Patient B’s urine also tested positive for benzodiazepines and barbiturates; these results could be attributed to medications documented in this patient’s medical record: lorazepam, clonazepam, and phenytoin . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Acknowledgments

References

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				M. D. Krasowski, M. G. Siam, M. Iyer, A. F. Pizon, S. Giannoutsos, and S. Ekins Chemoinformatic Methods for Predicting Interference in Drug of Abuse/Toxicology Immunoassays Clin. Chem., June 1, 2009; 55(6): 1203 - 1213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. E. Moeller, K. C. Lee, and J. C. Kissack Urine Drug Screening: Practical Guide for Clinicians Mayo Clin. Proc., January 1, 2008; 83(1): 66 - 76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. SANTOS, P. LOPEZ-GARCIA, J. S. NAVARRO, A. S. FERNANDEZ, B. SADABA, and J. P. VIDAL False Positive Phencyclidine Results Caused by Venlafaxine Am J Psychiatry, February 1, 2007; 164(2): 349 - 349. [Full Text] [PDF]