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Commentaries |
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
aAddress correspondence to this author at: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. e-mail murray.joseph@mayo.edu.
| The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below. |
Although refractory celiac disease (RCD) is frequently suspected, alternative or additional diagnoses can often explain the patients symptoms. First, it is important to carefully review the original diagnosis, especially the biopsy slides and serology. The absence of the specific gene pairs associated with CD risk, DQA1*05:DQB1*02 (DQ2) or DQA1*03:DQB1*0302(DQ8), makes CD unlikely. RCD is categorized into type I (polyclonal phenotype) and type II (clonal expansion of an aberrant intraepithelial T-cell population). The
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